Severe Polio Paralysis Disease
What Is Polio?
Poliomyelitis is an acute infectious communicable disease caused by an RNA enterovirus which presents with febrile illness followed by infantile paralysis after affecting the central nervous system.
How occurrence:
Poliomyelitis is endemic all over the world including Bangladesh. In some community it may appear in epidemic form every 3-7 years,but usually occurs in sporadic form.
Natural History:
1.Reservoir:
carriers
2.Source of infection:
Feces
Oropharyngeal secretion
3.Infectious Period:
Cases are most infectious and complex 6 to 11 days before and after onset of symptoms.
The virus is excreted in the faces commonly for 2 to 3 weeks,sometimes as long as 3 to 4 months.
4. Mode of Transmission:
Fecal oral route the main route of infection in the developing world.
Droplet infection is more important during0 epidemic and where sanitation is good(in developed world)
Incubation Period:
7-14 days
Maximum range= 3-35 days.
Sabin Vaccine(OPV)
It contains live attenuated polio virus. It is given orally in 3 doses ,each 0.5 ml or 2-3 drops,at the interval of 4 weeks,started from 6weeks of age.OPV can can be given with BCG at the birth 1 booster dose after 1 year and second booster dose after 4 years,then another booster dose after every 4 years.
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